Compound Interest Calculator
Simulate your investment growth
Calculate the final amount with compound interest and understand the formula, practical examples, comparisons, and limitations.
Recreational/Educational
- Educational tool; not financial advice. Results are estimates.
Estimate the amount with compound capitalization. The calculator helps you compare investment scenarios and understand the effect of compounding frequency over time.
How it works
Each period, interest is added to the principal and becomes the base for the next calculation. This accelerates growth compared to simple interest, which accrues only on the initial principal.
Formula
A = P (1 + i)^n
Variables
- A — final amount
- P — initial principal
- i — interest rate per period (% per month/year)
- n — number of periods (months/years)
Notes
- Converting annual to monthly (and vice versa) changes the result.
- The effective rate depends on the compounding frequency.
- Rounding may cause small differences.
Examples
-
$1,000 at 5% per year for 2 years
principal: $1,000rate: 5% per yearperiods: 2compounding: yearly≈ $1,102.50 (interest ≈ $102.50)
-
$5,000 at 0.8% per month for 12 months
principal: $5,000rate: 0.8% per monthperiods: 12compounding: monthly≈ $5,501.69 (approx.)
-
Comparing yearly vs. monthly compounding (same effective rate)
principal: $2,000rate: 12% per yearperiods: 1compounding: yearly/monthlyMonthly tends to yield a slightly higher amount.
- Use an equivalent effective rate when comparing frequencies.
Comparisons
Simple vs. compound interest
With simple interest, returns accrue only on the initial principal. With compound interest, each period’s interest is added to the principal, generating “interest on interest.”
Nominal vs. effective rate
Nominal rate must be converted to an effective rate according to compounding frequency (monthly, yearly, etc.) to reflect actual gain.
Note on inflation/fees
Results do not consider inflation, taxes, or management fees; evaluate the real return after discounting these factors.
Limitations
- Does not consider taxes, fees, or inflation.
- Time-varying rates are not modeled.
- Incorrect inputs or rounding may affect the result.
Privacy
Calculations are performed locally in your browser; no data is sent to or stored on our servers.
FAQ
-
What’s the difference between simple and compound interest?
With compound interest, each period’s interest is added to the principal; with simple interest, it accrues only on the initial principal.
-
Can I include monthly contributions?
This version doesn’t include periodic contributions. Compare scenarios by varying principal and periods.
-
How do I convert an annual rate to a monthly rate?
Use equivalence: i_monthly = (1 + i_annual)^(1/12) − 1.
-
Why does my bank’s result differ?
Differences in rounding, calendar conventions, and applied fees/charges.